He uaua ake te tukanga whakaputa o ngā karapu nitrile iti-halogen i ērā o ngā karapu nitrile noa, e whakaatahia ana tēnei i roto i te whakahaere i te nui o te halogen, te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi mata, me te arotau i te tukanga whakaputa. Anei tētahi tātaritanga o ngā uauatanga o te tukanga, ngā hononga matua me ngā wero hangarau:
I. Te Uauatanga o te tukanga whakaputa
1. Kōwhiringa pakari o ngā rauemi mata
- Te whiwhinga o te rapa nitrile butadiene iti-halogen:
Ka whakamahia pea e te rapa nitrile butadiene rapa noa ngā kaiwhakaoho, ngā emulsifier, ngā whakakorikori rānei (pērā i ngā matū kei roto he chlorine) i te wā o te polymerization, engari me whakamahi te tukanga iti-halogen i te pūnaha whakaoho kore-halogen/iti-halogen (pērā i te peroxodisulphate hei utu mō te kaiwhakaoho kei roto he chlorine) me te tango rānei i te toenga o te halogen mā te tukanga purenga i tētahi wā i muri mai.
Ngā herenga o ngā kaihoko taurite:
Me karo ngā kaihoko whanariki, ngā whakateretere, ngā antioxidants me ētahi atu tāpiringa i ngā mea kei roto he halogen (pērā i ngā aukati mura kei roto he bromine, ngā whakateretere whakamomona kei roto he chlorine), ā, me whakamahi hoki i ngā tāpiringa e pai ana ki te taiao (pērā i ngā pūnaha whakamomona kore-halogen, ngā kaihoko hononga silane, me ētahi atu), he nui ake te utu, he uaua ake hoki te whakataurite i te mahi a ngā tāpiringa. 2.
2. Te whakahaere i te halogen i roto i te tukanga whakaputa
-Te arotautanga o te tukanga whakapūhui:
Me whakahaere tika te tauhohenga whakapūhui NBR (pēnei i te whakapūhui emulsion) i te pāmahana, te pēhanga me te wā tauhohenga, kia whakaitihia ai te whakaputanga o ngā hua taha (pēnei i ngā hauwaiwaro halogenated). Tērā pea ka roa ake te wā tauhohenga, ka roa ake rānei te whakapūhui wāhanga o ngā tukanga iti-halogen, ka nui ake te whakapaunga pūngao me te uaua o te tukanga.
Te horoi me te purenga:
I muri i te whakapūhuitanga, me horoi te rapa ki te wai maha-wāhanga, ki te wehenga ā-pokapū me ētahi atu tukanga hei tango i ngā toenga monomer halogenated me ngā tāpiringa. Tērā pea kotahi-rua noa iho ngā horoinga o ngā karapu noa, ko ngā karapu iti-halogen ia e toru-rima, neke atu rānei, ka iti ake te pai o te whakaputa me te piki ake o ngā utu maimoatanga wai para.
Ngā āhuatanga motuhake o te tukanga whakamaroke:
Me karo te tukanga whakamaroke i te pirau o ngā rauemi i ngā pāmahana tiketike hei whakaputa i ngā pūhui halogen, me whakamahi pea i te hangarau whakamaroke pāmahana-iti, i te hangarau whakamaroke korehau rānei hei whakaroa i te huringa whakaputa.
3. Te paepae teitei o te tirotiro kounga
- Te tirotiro tika i te ihirangi halogen:
Me whakamahi taputapu tirotiro tino tika (hei tauira, he ine irahiko katote, he ine hihi-X) hei tātari i te nui o te Cl me te Br o ia puranga o te hua (me noho te rohe kitenga ki te taumata ppm), engari ko ngā karapu noa me tirotiro mō ō rātou āhuatanga ā-tinana anake (hei tauira, te kaha kume me te roa i te haehae).
Taurite mahi maha-ahu:
Tērā pea ka pā te maimoatanga iti-halogen ki ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha o ngā karapu (hei tauira, te ngāwari, te ātete ki te poka), ā, me whakarerekē te tauira (hei tauira, te tāpiri i ngā mea whakakoi motuhake, ngā mea whakakaha) kia taurite ai te iti-halogen, te kaha-teitei, me te whakamarie, e uru ana ki te maha o ngā whakamātautau me te arotau i ngā tawhā.
Ngā taahiraa matua o te tukanga whakaputa
Hei tauira, ko te hanga noa o ngā karapu nitrile butadiene halogen-iti mā te tikanga horoi, ko te tukanga me ngā uauatanga e whai ake nei:
1. Te whakarite rapa
-Te whakarite rapa iti-halogen:
Kōwhiria te rapa nitrile butadiene rapa iti-halogen (halogen ≤ 150ppm), tāpirihia te kaihoko whakamomona kore-halogenated (hei tauira, te pūnaha konutea waikura + te kōwhai whanariki), ngā whakateretere kore-halogenated (hei tauira, ngā hyposulfonamides), te antioxidant (hei tauira, ngā phenyl naphthyl amines), whakaohokia kia pai, ka tātarihia hei tango i ngā poke.
-Ngā Uauatanga: mā te marara koretake o ngā tāpiringa ka arahi pea ki te whakamomonatanga kāore i oti, ki ngā rerekētanga rānei o te mahi, me whai taputapu whakamomona kutikuti teitei.
2. Te maimoatanga pokepokea ai
-Te paninga i mua i te maimoatanga:
Me tuku ngā pokepokea ai ki te wai tuku kore-halogenated (hei tauira, te māngaro, te wai cellulose rānei) i te tuatahi kia kore ai e piri i te wā e tukuna ana ngā karapu, ka taea e ngā karapu noa te whakamahi i te wai tuku halogenated (hei tauira, te paraffin chlorine).
3. Te tukunga karapu me te whakamomona
-Te whakahekenga wāhanga:
Tuatahi, me tuku te paninga ki te rapa hei hanga i te tinana karapu, ko tētahi wāhanga o te tukanga me tuku kia maha ngā wā hei whakanui i te matotoru, ā, me whakamaroke i muri i ia tukunga (te pāmahana ≤80℃, hei karo i te tauhohenga halogenation).
Te tukanga whakapūkara:
Ko te pāmahana whakamomona karapu nitrile tuku iho he tata ki te 120-150℃, ko te tukanga halogen iti ia me whakamahi i te pāmahana iti me te whakamomona roa (hei tauira, 100℃×60 meneti) hei whakaiti i te pirau o ngā tāpiringa hei whakaputa i ngā pūhui halogen i raro i te pāmahana teitei.
4. Te horoi me te whakamaroke
-Te horoinga maha-wāhanga:
I muri i te whakamomona, me horoi ngā karapu ki te wai tango-ion mō te neke atu i te 3 ngā wā hei tango i ngā toenga āwhina me ngā matū halogen wairewa, ā, me whakamaroke wai i muri i ia horoinga.
Te whakamaroke:
Whakamahia te whakamaroke hau wera (te pāmahana ≤ 90 ℃) te whakamaroke rānei mā te korehau hei whakarite kia iti iho te makuku i te 1%, kia kore ai e heke ngā katote halogen ki te taiao makuku.
5. Te whakamātautau me te tākai
-Whakamātautau halogen:
Te tango tauira matapōkere o ia puranga hei whakamātautau i te ihirangi o te Cl-, Br- (mēnā ka whakamahia te chromatography katote, ko ngā rohe ko te Cl ≤ 900 ppm, Br ≤ 900 ppm, me ngā halogen katoa ≤ 1500 ppm).
-Whakamātautau mahi:
Ko te kaha kume (≥14MPa), te roa i te haehae (≥600%), te ātete poka (≥10N) me ētahi atu taupū me rite ki te ASTM D6319 me ētahi atu paerewa.
III. Ngā Wero Hangarau me te Tūnga o te Ahumahi
1. Taurite i waenga i te utu me te whai huatanga
Nā te utu nui o ngā rauemi mata me te roa o te tukanga, ko te utu whakaputa mō te tukanga iti-halogen he 20%-30% teitei ake i ngā karapu nitrile noa, ā, ka whakaitihia te kaha whakaputa mā te 15% pea (hei tauira, he roa ake te wā horoi me te whakamaroke).
2. Te mōrearea o te hekenga o te mahi
He iti iho te whai huatanga o te whakamomona o ētahi tāpiringa iti-halogen i ērā o ngā tāpiringa tuku iho kei roto he halogen, ā, ka heke pea te ātete o ngā karapu ki te koroheketanga, ā, me whakakapi mā te whakamahi i ngā nano-whakakī (hei tauira, te silica) me te hangarau hononga-whakakotahi hiato rānei.
3. Te akiaki i ngā ture taiao
Ko te Herenga a te EU mō te Whakamahinga o Ētahi Matū Morearea i roto i ngā Taputapu Hiko me te Hikohiko (RoHS), ko te International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) me ētahi atu paerewa e whakahau ana i te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi halogen-iti i roto i te mara hiko hei whakatairanga i te tukanga whakapai ake.
4. Te kukū nui o te ahumahi
I tēnei wā, ko Top Glove o Mareia, ko Ansell o te Hononga o Amerika me ētahi atu kamupene nunui e hanga ana i ngā karapu nitrile iti-halogen o te ao. Kei te pakaru haere ngā arai hangarau iti-halogen a ngā umanga ā-rohe pēnei i a Lanshan Medical me Ingenics Medical.
Wā tuku: Mei-27-2025